Method of and apparatus for making sand molds.



J. G. BANNISTER; METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING SAND MOLDS. APPLICATION IILED Nqv. a, 1911.

1,034,334, Patented July 30, 1912.

' 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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m /8 ./4 K ,/a /4 w r4 /0 v 8 1 1 v I/ 1 I l 4 l i i /0 E 0 l2o P050 6' /6 /6 l6 l6 l6 7 /6 FIG. 2 LIZ I -/0 a i WITNESSES INVENTOR J. G. BANNI$TER. METHOD OF vAND APPARATUS FOR MAKING SAND HOLDS.

- APPLICATION FILED NOV. 8, 1911. 1,034,334.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2 FIG. 3

" 5 ami" E nnnnm ll WITNES ES, INVENTOR Pauenped July 30,1912.

UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

. JOHN C. BANNISTER, OF KEWANEE, ILLINOIS.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING SAND MoLDs To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN C. BANNISTER, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Kewanee, 1n the county of Henry and State of Illinois, have invented a new and more particularly relates to a method of sin'niltaneously making, a plurality or series of green sand moldsin multiple which are afterward filled simultaneously with molten metal to produce a number of eastings. such as for example, pipe fittings and similar materials.

()ne object of my invention is to provide a novel method of making green sand molds, in which the mold, and cores, are simultaneously. formed, the time required to form the molds is lessened, the number of necessary assembling operations is reduced. and the cost of preparing. the molds in readiness for the casting operation "is materially loivered.

Another object of the invention-is to provide an improved method of making green sand molds in multiple whereby a series of such molds including, when cores are used, cores therefor formed of green sand are simultaneously formed and assembled in readiness for a later casting operation, whereby the mold forming operations are facilitated and the us of green sand cores is made possible.

A further object of this invention is to provide molding apparatus having novel means for making sand molds and green sand cores either singly or in multiple in acordance with my improved method forming part of this invention.

Referring to the drawings rorming part of this specification, Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevat1on,'the section be ng taken on the line II of Fig. 2, showing.

apparatus constructed and arranged for use in connection with a pneumatic molding machine, in simultaneously forming the corcsand constructing the molds for a plurality of castings in accordance with my improved method the particular casting illustrated being in the form of pipe fittings I Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed.November 8, 1911.

rammed July so, 1912.

Serial No. 659,159.

- known as Ts Fig. 2 is a sectional plan of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1, the section being taken on theline IIII of Fig. 1. Fig. is a sectional end elevation of the apparatusshown in the preceding figures, the i s cticn being taken on the line lI[- I1I of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a sectional end elevation similar to that shown in Fig. 3 showing a modified form of apparatus constructed and arranged for use in carrying out my improved method.

For the sake of clearness the sand is not shown in the sand boot, flask and cores, the apparatus being shown as assembled in readiness to supply sand from the boot to the mold.

In. the drawings, referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the numeral 2 designates a sand boot, such as forms part of and is used in connecploying compressed air or air under prcssure for delivering the sand into the flask of the mold, and 3 is a modified form of bottom plate removably secured to and forming part of the sand boot. 2, as constructed in accordance with this invention. A pat-- tern plate, which is split or divided length- .wise into a top section 4 and a bottom section 5, is ei'i'iploycd in the mold forming operation in connection with the sections 6 and 7 of the flask, in which the cope and drag molds are formed. The flask, which may. be of any known construction, is provided with the usual dowel-pins 8 by which the flask sections are assembled or booked and are maintained in registering position. The sections 4: and 5 of the pattern plate are provided with'holes 9 in the ears 10 thereon which register with and are engaged by the dowel pins 8 in positioning the pattern plate and half patterns thereon with respect to the flask sections. Each of the pattern plate sections 4and5is provided with a series of half patterns 11, the half patterns on one .section 4 registering with those on the other half 5 when booked or assembled. The contacting or adjacent faces of the pattern plate sections 4 and 5 have cavities or recesses therein which when the pattern plate sections are assembled form sectional corehoxes 12 in which the green sand cores are built up and formed in carryingout the steps of my improved method. The opposite depressions or recesses forming the coretion with the Hewlett molding machine, em-

"sections are out of line with or eccentric to the corresponding center on each half pattern on the opposite faces thereof a distance equal to the thickness of the section of the pattern plate to which the half patterns 11 are secured. By so constructing the half patterns with reference to the recesses forming the core-boxes, cores formed in the coreboxes will be in axial alinement with the molds formed in the cope and drag molds by the half patterns 11 when the cores have been transferred from the pattern plate into the mold and the pattern plate has been removed, and the cope and drag molds are assembled in position and in readiness for the casting operation. The bottom-plate 3 on the sand boot 2 is provided'with a serles of transversely extending openings or holes and in part of these holes drop tubes or blow plugs .13 and 14 are secured by one end which extend downwardly from the under surface of the bottom-plate 3. The droptubes l3 and 14 have closed lower ends and the tubes13, 14 have side openings 13, 14cadjacent-to their lower end, which are located and arranged to be substantially in alinement with the axial center of the recesses or cavities forming the core-boxes in the pattern plate when the apparatus is assembled in position to form the mold. The pattern plate sections 4 and 5 have openings 15 therethrough which are located in the patternplate so as to position one of the openings in line with the end of each of the core-box cavities and in line with the end of any cavities forming branches in the coreboxes. The drop tubes 13 which extend into the openings 15, have a single opening 13* through the side wall adjacent to the closed lower end thereof and the drop tubes 14 have double openings 14, 14 through the side Wall on opposite sides of the axial center of these tubes and adjacent. to. the lower closed end of the tubes. The bottomplate 3 on the sand boot 2 also has a series of openings in which drop tubes 16 are secured having closed lower ends and a single opening 16 through the side wall located adjacent to the'closed lower ends thereof. The tubes 16 which are somewhat longer than the drop tubes 13 and 14 also extend downwardly through registering openings 17 in the pattern plate sections 4 and 5 and serve to supply sand to the lower section of the flask in forming the drag of the mold in the construction shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. A series of openings 18 are provided at which delivers sand upwardly to the flask 7r which sand is supplied to the top section of the flask in forming the mold in this section.

In the modified form of apparatus shown in Fig. 1 the drop tubes or blow plugs 16 extending from the bottom plate 3 of the boot 2 through openings in the pattern plate into the bottom section of the flask are omitted and a second sand boot 2 is employed section in forming the mold. In this construction the flask sections and the pattern plates forming the molds are booked in the same manner as in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 and are then placed between the bottom plates of the opposite sand boots, one boot 2 supplying sand to form the mold in the top section of the flask and the other boot 2 to form the mold in the bottom section through transverse openings 18 provided in its bottom plate 3 for that purpose.

The method of supplying sand through the medium'of an air blast or fluid under pressure to a flask by lifting or forcing the sand upwardly through a sand boot as shown in Fig. 4 herein by which packin and forming channels in the sand containe in the boot is avoided and overcome, forms the subjectmatter of my co-pending application Serial No. 659,160, filed November 8, 1911, for a method of and apparatus for forming sand molds.

Blow plugs 13 and let are provided in the construction of Fig. 4 which are located in spaced apart relation to each other and to the ends of the series of core-boxes 12 formed in the pattern plate sections 4 and 5' shown'in Fig. 2, in the same manner as in Figs. 1 and 3, these blow plugs extending downwardly into proximity to the ends of the cavities forming the core-boxes in the pattern plate in which the cores for the fittings being made are formed in the same manner as before described. It should be noted that in all of the drop tubes or blow plugs the outer ends are closed and the openings 13, 14* and 16 adjacent to the outer ends thereof are in the sides of the drop tubes or blow plugs so that in this construction also the sand delivered through the drop tubes or blow plugs is caused to emerge therefrom into the core-boxes in lines parallel with the horizontal centers of the cores. The blow plugs 14 and 1.4 which'extend between the adjacent'ends of the adjoining 120 core cavities are provided withtwo openings, 14, 14, each opening supplying sand to an end of such core cavities and each face on these plugs determining the length of the cores formed.

In carrying out my improved method of molding, the top and bottom sections t and 5 of the pattern plate are assembled and the pattern plate and sections of the flask are intervals in the bottom plate 3 through i booked together, as shown in the drawings. 30

In the construction shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 the booked or assembled flask and pattern plate are brought into position with the bottom plate 3 on the sand boot 2 of a Hewlett molding machine. Air under pressure is admitted to the sand boot and the sand is thereby caused to pass into the flask and into the cavities or recesses forming the coreboxes through the series of drop tubes or blow plugs, 13, let, 16' and the openings or holes 18 so as to fill the flask and core boxes with sand. The sprue is provided in the usual manner during the flask filling operations." By reason of the closed outer ends of and the provision of the side outlets or openings in the blow plugs, the direction of flow of the sand in changed while still within the blow plugs and the sand is caused to flowfrom the blow plugs into the core-boxes in paths parallel with the longitudinal of the cores, and being caused to travel from the opposite sides of the flask toward the center thereof, the sand is caused to distribute evenly and is uniformly compacted within the flask and core-boxes so as to form sand cores and molds having uniform density. The sand boot 2 and mold are then separated. Thetop section of the flask is then lifted from the pattern plate and the top section 4: of the pattern plate removed so as to uncover the formed cores. The removed flask section is then again placed in position on the bottom half of the pattern plate, which still remains in position, the dowel pins on the flask insuring the parts being replaced in registering position. The flask is then turned or rolled over so as to bring the drag mold uppermost. The then uppermost flask section is lifted" from the bottom section 5 of the pat-tern plate which is still in position between the flask sections. This bottom section 5 of the pattern plate is then removed from the cope or then lower flask section and the top section is'replaced in positiomiesting on the drag and bringing the cope and drag molds into registering position with each other,

with the axis of eachreccss or cavity therein in alinement with the axes of its core. When the then uppermost section and top section t of the pattern plate are first removed, the cores remain in position in the bottom section of the pattern and by replacing the top flask section in position on the bottom half of the pattern plate the cores are all sin'iultaneously and accurately placed in position in the mold formed in the top flask section so that when the assembled mold is later turned over, the cores are in the position in the half mold which they are to occupy during the casting operation.- vVhen the other section of the pattern plate is then later removed after the mold turning operation and the then uppermost flask section is again placed in position on the bottom section, the parts of the mold including the cope, the drag and the cores will then be assembled in registering position'in readiness for the castlng operatlon.

Viith the apparatus shown in Fig. 4 the to the core-boxes through the blow plugs 13 and 14. r

A series of openings will be left in the completed sandmolds in the cope and drag by the drop tubes or blow plugs for sup lying sand to the apparatus, but the wal of sand formed between any such openings and an adjoining opening will be of sutlicient thickness to prevent breaking outduring the casting operation. Theseries of openings left by the blow plugs for supplying sand to the core-boxes also will remain in the com-v pleted mold, but as the ends of the cores shut off these openings from the cavities or recesses of the mold, later filled with molten metal, the forming of clean castings is insured.

The advantages of my invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. By the use of my improved method a series of molds are made in multiple and the cores for such molds are formed simultaneously therewith. Green sand co-res are molded in place in multiple and the necessity of transferring the cores singly and by hand into the molds is avoided and overcome.

I am the first to devise a method of mold-'- ing and making green sand molds in multiple in which the cope, drag andthe cores therefor, when cores are used, are simultaneously formed and in which a plurality or series of molds are simultaneously formed, and I intend to cover such construction broadly in the claims.

Modifications may be made in the construction and arrangement of the parts forming the apparatus used in carrying out my improved method. The drop tubes or blow plugs for supplying sand to the coreboxes may be located on the bottom plate. of either of the two sand boots employed in the construction shown in Fig. 4:. The blow plugs may be entirely omitted, except for the purpose of supplying sand to the' core box cavities. The blow plugs may be used with one or both of the sand boots when desired.

My improved method may be employed when desired in making the cope and drag molds and the core or cores for a single cast- &

ing which may be large or small and other variations in the construction and arrangement of the parts forming the apparatus may be made within the scope of my invention as defined in the appended claims,

I claim 1. The method of making sand molds consisting in assembling a pattern plate be-' tween flask sections wherein the cope and J drag molds are formed, then causing sand to be delivered through the open ends of the flask sections into the flask sections to thereby simultaneously form the cope and drag molds therein, then removing the pattern plate frombetween the flask sections and assembling the so-formed cope and drag molds.

2. The method of making sand molds in multiple consisting in assembling a pattern plate having a pluralityof patterns thereon between flask sections wherein the cope and drag molds are formed, then causing sand to be delivered through the open ends of the flask sections into the flask sections to thereby simultaneously form the multiple molds therein, then removing the pattern plate from between the flask sections and assembling the so-called cope anddrag molds.

3. The method of making sand molds consisting in assembling a sectional pattern plate having core forming cavities therein between flask sections wherein the cope and drag molds are formed, then causing sand to be delivered through the open ends of the flask sections into the flask sections and core forming cavities to thereby simultaneously form the cope and drag molds and the core therefor, then removing the sectional pattern,plate from between the flask sections and assembling the so-formed cope and drag molds with the. core in position therebetween.

4. The method of making sand molds inmultiple consisting in assembling a sectional pattern plate having a plurality of patterns thereon and core forming cavities therein between flask sections wherein the cope and drag molds are formed, then causing sand to be delivered through the open ends of the flask sections into the flask sections and the core forming cavities to thereby simultaneously form therein the multiple molds and cores therefor, then removing the sectional pattern plate from between the flask sections messes therefor and causing the sand to enter the core forming cavities in lines substantially parallel to the longitudinal axes of the cores formed therein, then removing the sectional pattern plate from between the flask sections and assembling the so-formed cope and drag molds with the core in position therebetween.

6. The method of making sand molds in multiple consisting in assembling a sectional pattern plate having a plurality of patterns thereon and core forming cavities thereir. between flask sections wherein the cope and drag molds'are formed, then causing sand to be delivered through the open ends of the flask sect-ions into the flask sections and the core forming cavities to thereby simultaneously form therein the multiple molds and cores therefor and causing the sand to enter the core forming cavities in lines substantially parallel to the longitudinal axes of the cores formedtherein, then removing the sectional pattern plate from between the flask sections and assembling the SO-fOlll'lCtl cope and drag molds with thecores in position therebetween.

7. Apparatus for making sand molds comprising flask sections in which the cope and drag molds are formed, pattern plates between the flask sections having opposite half-patterns on the outer faces thereof, sand-boots engaging with the open sides of the flask sect-ions having means for discharging sand therefrom, and means on said sandboots arranged to deliver the sand discharged therefrom simultaneously into the flask sections on opposite sides of the pattern plates during the mold forming operations.

8. Apparatus for making sand molds comprising flask sections in which the cope and drag molds are formed, sectional pattern plates between the flask sections having halfpatterns on opposite faces and registering core-forming cavities in the adjacent faces thereof, sand-boots on the open top of the upper flask section having means for discharging sand therefrom, and means on said sand boots arranged to deliver the dis charged sand simultaneously into the flask sections on opposite sides of the pattern plate and the core-forming cavities in the adjacent faces of said plates during the mold forming operations.

9. Apparatus for making sand molds in multiple comprising flask sections in which the multiple molds are formed, a. sectional pattern plate between the flask sections huvmg a plurality of half-patterns on opposite faces and registering core-forming cavities taneously into the flask sections on opposite sides of the pattern plate and the core-forming cavities in adjacent faces of said pattern plate during the lllOlCl forming operation.

- 10. Apparatus for making sand molds comprising flask sections in which the cope and drag molds are formed, a sectional pattern plate between the flask sections having a ha1f-pattern oil-opposite faces and registeringcore forming cavities in the adjacent faces thereof, a sand boot on the open top of the upper flask section having means for discharging sand therefrom, and means on said sand boot "arranged todeliver the discharged sand simultaneously in. o the flask sections on opposite sides of the pattern plate and the core forming cavities in the adjacent faces of said plate duringthe mold forming operations, said means being adapted to deliver the sand into the core forming cavities in lines substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the core formed therein.

11. Apparatus for making sand molds in multiple comprising flask sections in-which the multi le molds are formed,a sectional pattern p ate between the flask sect-ions hav ing a plurality of half patterns on opposite faces and registering core-forming cavities in the adjacent faces of said plate a sand boot on the open top of the u per iiask section having means for disc arging sand therefrom, and means on the sand boot ar- Copies ranged to deliver the dlscharged sand simultaneously into the flask sections on opposite sides of the pattern plate and the core forming cavities in adjacent faces of said pattern plate during the mold forming operation, said means benig adapted to deliver the sand into the core-forming cavities in lines sub stantially parallel to the longitudinal axes of the cores formed therein.

12. In apparatus for making sand molds a blow plug or drop tube through which sand is delivered into the molds, having a-closed outer end and a side outlet adjacent to said closed outer end whereby the direction of flow of sand passed through the blow plug is changed in emerging from the blow plug. 13. In apparatus for making sand molds a blow plug or drop tube through which sand is delivered into the molds, said tube having a closed outer end and side outlets adjacent to said closed outer end whereby the direction of flow of sand passing through the blow plug is changed in emerging from the blow plug.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

JOHN QBANNISTER. Witnesses:

FRED J. TALE-0T1, A. F. HARRISON.

0! this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner oi Pfltents Washington, D. 0.

said tube 

